Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, caused by the gradual breakdown of the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones. It leads to joint pain and stiffness that can affect daily activities — but a thoughtful management plan can help you stay active and comfortable.

Overview

Osteoarthritis most often affects the knees, hips, hands, and spine. It develops gradually and tends to worsen with age, though injury, overuse, and genetics all play a role.

While OA cannot be cured, a combination of lifestyle measures, physical therapy, and medication can significantly reduce pain and help maintain mobility and independence.

Common Symptoms

• Joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest
• Stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting, usually lasting under 30 minutes
• Reduced range of motion and a grating or clicking sensation
• Swelling or bony enlargement around affected joints
• Weakness in the muscles surrounding the joint

Diagnosis

Osteoarthritis is diagnosed through a physical examination and imaging such as X-rays, which can show cartilage loss and bony changes. We also rule out inflammatory forms of arthritis that require different treatment.

Treatment at B N Rheumatology Associates

Management focuses on relieving pain and preserving function through weight management, targeted exercise and physical therapy, topical and oral anti-inflammatory medications, and joint injections when appropriate. We help coordinate referrals for surgical options such as joint replacement when they become necessary.

When to See a Rheumatologist

If you are experiencing persistent joint pain, swelling, stiffness, or related symptoms, an evaluation by a rheumatologist can lead to an accurate diagnosis and an effective treatment plan. Dr. Saurav Suman provides personalized, evidence-based care for osteoarthritis and other rheumatologic conditions for patients throughout Camp Hill, Mechanicsburg, Harrisburg, and Central Pennsylvania.